Proceedings of Stem Cell Research and Oncogenesis
Abstract
The modulation of autophagy is now recognized as one of the hallmarks of cancer cells. Depending on the context and the type of cancer, autophagy may suppress tumor growth or may allow cancer cells to overcome metabolic stress and the cytotoxicity of chemotherapy. Recent studies have shed light on the role of autophagy in normal stem cells and in cancer stem cells (CSC). TheCSC concept has been a compelling but controversial idea for many years. Recently several independent groups reported the in vivo existence of CSCs in brain, intestinal, and skin tumors. Specific targeting of CSCs may improve the efficacy of cancer therapy. In this review, we will first summarize briefly our current understanding of the CSC concept, regulation of tumor heterogeneity, and CSC plasticity. We will then provide an update on the role of autophagy and signaling pathways in CSC maintenance and plasticity and, finally, will discuss the potential of targeting pathways involved in autophagy in CSCs for treatment of cancer.
DOI: 10.14343/JCSCR.2014.2e1005